尤偉：我們都在印象主義畫派中醞釀

歐洲時報本篇文章4912字，讀完約12分鐘

You Wei: We are all brewing in the Impressionist School of Painting

       對于西方繪畫來說我們還處于小學生階段的水平,我國油畫藝術從建國初期時大多只接觸到俄羅斯畫派,其也對我國西方繪畫產生了質的影響?；窘▏蟮膸着彤嫾叶紝儆诙砼僧嫾?但是不能說全部是這樣,也有留美、留法的一些畫家回國給我國帶來西方最先進的藝術。

For Western painting, we are still at the level of primary school students. Since the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China, most of our oil painting art only came into contact with Russian painting schools, which also had a qualitative impact on our Western painting. Several groups of oil painter after the founding of the People's Republic of China belong to Russian painters, but not all of them can be said to be so. Some painters who have studied in the United States and France have returned to China to bring the most advanced western art.

       不管什么當代畫派應該都有印象主義的影子,我國這個幾乎零基礎的小學生亦是如此!尤其是改革開放以來印象派就像一股洪流一樣沖入我國的美術教育,使得今后的幾十年我們培養美術人才都是以印象畫派的技法參與教學,這就使得我們70與80后的美術生充分感受到印象主義畫派的靈魂,在印象主義畫派的氛圍中成長起來。印象派從其出發到其壯大也像我們人的成長一樣有著一個過程。在印象派最初的四人組里并沒有后來被認為是印象派發起者的馬奈,莫奈倒真是一直都在。也就是說除了莫奈,還包括西斯萊、雷諾阿以及巴齊耶他們才是印象派最初的四人組。他們真正意義上把畫室放到了戶外,以承上啟下的方式逐漸脫離了古典主義畫派的影響。

No matter what contemporary school of painting, there should be a shadow of Impressionism, and this is also the case with almost zero basic elementary school students in our country! In particular, since the reform and opening up, the Impressionism has rushed into our art education like a torrent, so that in the coming decades, we will train art talents to participate in teaching with the techniques of impressionism, which makes our post-70s and post-80s art students fully feel the soul of impressionism and grow up in the atmosphere of impressionism. The Impressionism also has a process from its start to its growth, just like the growth of our people.There was no Manet who was later considered as the initiator of Impressionism in the original foursome of Impressionism. Monet was really always there. That is to say, besides Monet, Sisley, Renoir and Bazier are also the first four members of Impressionism. They truly placed the studio outdoors, gradually breaking away from the influence of classical painting in a connecting way.

       那么為什么后來卻認為馬奈與莫奈成為了印象派的發起者呢?這是一個很有意思的問題。事實上,印象派最初的四人組的確有開拓印象派前期的行為與目的,比如對于風景的重視,但真正關于印象派繪畫的形式大抵卻是由馬奈與莫奈所揭示的吧。也就是說從馬奈開始才有了具體的印象主義清晰的理論支撐。

       今日我們所閱看的畢沙羅早期的作品《河岸洗衣婦》似乎恰好能說明這個道理。首先這幅作品是畢沙羅創作于 1855 的現實主義作品。若是從畫面的畫風來看,的確與印象派早期的作品有相似之處。很多印象派畫家都是被楓丹白露森林的美景所吸引過去,在這群青年人中他們不想被傳統所束縛,大概也就是年輕人才有的叛逆才使得印象主義畫派醞釀起來。

So why did Manet and Monet later become the initiators of Impressionism? This is a very interesting question. In fact, the original foursome of Impressionism did indeed pioneer the behavior and purpose of Impressionism in the early stage, such as the emphasis on landscape, but the real form of Impressionism painting was revealed by Manet and Monet. That is to say, it was only from Manet that there was concrete and clear theoretical support for Impressionism.The early work "The Laundrywoman on the River Bank" that we are reading today seems to illustrate this truth. Firstly, this work is a realistic work created by Pissarro in 1855. From the perspective of painting style, it is indeed similar to the early works of Impressionism. Many Impressionism painters are attracted by the beautiful scenery of Fontainebleau Forest. Among these young people, they don't want to be bound by tradition. Maybe it is the rebellion of young talents that makes the impressionism school brew.

       總之,像法國巴比松畫派的畫一樣,畢沙羅早期的現實主義作品早已具有了印象派早期作品的特征。這也是為什么我們經常會在巴比松畫派抑或現實主義作品與印象派作品中很難區分的原因之一。其實這些都不太重要,我平時也不怎么非要把他們區分開,在我的眼里在那一時期的人或作品我都把他們當成印象主義畫派,因為歷史的真相固然重要但我更看重的卻是他們在當今就給我們對藝術的啟發。

       印象派演化的過程,大抵是如此的。先從繪畫目標的變更開始,然后是繪畫技術形式的變化,在這兒色彩正式走上了臺面,再接著是更為深刻的變化,從客觀的光影呈現到主觀的色彩呈現。

In a word, like the paintings of Barbizon School in France, Pissarro's early realistic works already have the characteristics of the early works of Impressionism. This is one of the reasons why we often find it difficult to distinguish between Barbizon's paintings or realistic works and Impressionism's works. In fact, these are not very important, and I usually don't have to distinguish them. In my eyes, people or works from that period were all regarded as Impressionist painting,Because the truth of history is important, but what I value more is the inspiration they have given us to art today. The evolution of Impressionism is generally like this. Starting with the change in painting objectives, followed by the change in painting techniques and forms, where color has officially entered the stage, followed by more profound changes, from objective light and shadow presentation to subjective color presentation.

       主觀即是客觀對人大腦的刺激所形成,也是每個不同的人個體的展現。印象主義畫派帶給我們打破塵式的快感,使我們從教條主義中走出來,帶領我們走向陽光下的溫暖。

Subjectivity is the objective stimulation of the human brain, and it is also the manifestation of each different inpidual. The Impressionist school of painting brings us the pleasure of breaking through the dust, freeing us from dogmatism and leading us towards warmth under the sun.